Changes had also been made to the warning light switch mechanism, the unintended consequence of which was that the cockpit warning light would be extinguished even though the latches were not fully in place. An inward-opening passenger door also called a "plug door", is inherently more resistant to blowing open than an outward-opening cargo hatch. At some point, one of the crew members pressed their microphone button broadcasting the pandemonium in the cockpit on the departure frequency. It was normally the duty of the Turkish Airlines flight engineer or chief ground engineer to ensure that all cargo and passenger doors were securely closed before takeoff. First Officer Oral Ulusman, age 38, had 5,600 hours of flying time. 216 new passengers, many of whom were supposed to fly on Air France, British European Airways, Pan Am, or TWA, boarded TK 981 in Paris, resulting in a 30-minute departure delay. On March 3, 1974, the airplane crashed into the Ermenonville Forest, shortly after it had left Paris. L'accident provoque la mort des 346 occupants de l'appareil, ce qui en fait le quatrième … Despite this, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) did not issue an Airworthiness Directive requiring these changes, instead reaching a gentleman’s agreement with McDonnell-Douglas to make some lesser changes to the hatch and no changes to the floor. [7][8] The plane was one of a group of five DC-10-10s owned by Mitsui, which intended to sell the planes to All Nippon Airways; however, the Japanese airline selected the Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, due to bribery by Lockheed. À 12 h 40, juste après qu'il eut survolé la ville de Meaux et à une altitude de 12 000 pieds, les contrôleurs aériens captèrent une transmission distordue du vol 981. The incident investigators discovered that the rod connecting the pins to the handle was weak enough that it could be bent with repeated operation and force, allowing the baggage handler to close the handle with his knee even when the pins interfered with the torque tube flanges. A… Le DC-10 avait transporté, pour cette première étape, 167 passagers et 13 membres d'équipage. Fabriqué en 1972 dans une usine de Long Beach (Californie) et livré en décembre 1972 a Turkish Airlines[1]. Furthermore, the instructions on the plane regarding the indicator window were printed in English and Turkish, but Algerian-born Mahmoudi, who was fluent in three other languages, could read neither of these. Les alarmes de pressurisation et de vitesse furent entendues par-dessus les mots des pilotes, en turc, dont ceux du copilote disant « le fuselage a explosé ». Nine passengers were never identified. It remained the deadliest single-aircraft accident until the crash of Japan Airlines Flight 123 on 12 August 1985, and the deadliest aviation accident without survivors until the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision on 12 November 1996. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Turkish Airlines Flight 981 was a regular flight operated by Turkish Airlines, from Istanbul to London Heathrow, with an extra stop in Paris.The aircraft was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10. Article détaillé : Vol 981 Turkish Airlines. Alle ombordværende omkom. The rotating movement of the torque shaft is brought about by an electric actuator, through a linkage that includes a crankshaft that ensures the "over-center" position of the whole system. La décompression explosive qui s'ensuivit endommagea les circuits des commandes de vol, provoquant la perte de contrôle de l'appareil. Il prit la direction de l'est puis tourna vers le nord en évitant de survoler Paris. All 346 people on board were killed in the accident. Flight 981 had flown from Istanbul that morning, landing at Paris's Orly International Airport just after 11:00 am local time. English: Turkish Airlines Flight 981. You can check the current flight status of Turkish Airlines on this page. At the time, it was the deadliest plane crash ever. Turkish Air Flight 981. Turkish Airlines Flight 981 never reached its destination. [9]:2, The Lloyd's of London insurance syndicate that covered Douglas Aircraft retained Failure Analysis Associates (now Exponent, Inc.) to also investigate the accident. One of the eventual consequences was the largest civil lawsuits to that date. The accident aircraft had 12 six-abreast first-class seats and 333 nine-abreast economy seats, for a total of 345 passenger seats. The destruction was so complete that some of the 346 victims were never identified. Only 167 passengers were aboard the 345 seat DC-10, 50 of those scheduled to get off in Paris. Turkish Airlines Flight 981 TC-JAV , the aircraft involved in the accident. The pins were pushed into place by an operating handle on the outside of the hatch. Français : Vol 981 Turkish Airlines. [9]:4 Some passengers cancelled their tickets because of delays or a lack of seats. Near Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Despite this, the changes required by the service bulletin (installation of a support plate for the handle linkage, preventing the bending of the linkage seen in the Flight 96 incident) had not been implemented. To ensure this rotation was complete and the latches were in the proper position, the DC-10 cargo hatch design included a separate locking mechanism that consisted of small locking pins that slid behind flanges on the lock torque tube (which transferred the actuator force to the latch hooks through a linkage). 12 June 1972, "THY Turkish Airlines TC-JAV (McDonnell Douglas DC-10 - MSN 46704)", "TC-JAV Turkish Airlines McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10", "Accident to Turkish Airlines DC-10 TC-JAV in the Ermenonville Forest on 3 March 1974 Final Report", "Passenger manifest - Path to Ermenonville, Paris", "Engineer's Warning on DC‐10 Reportedly Never Sent", "Turkish Airlines Offers $10‐Million in Crash Suits", "Aircraft Accident Report, Explosive Decompression—Loss of Cargo Door in Flight, United Airlines Flight 811, Boeing 747-122, N4713U, Honolulu, Hawaii, February 24, 1989", "Watch Days of Fury (1979) on the Internet Archive", Pre-crash photo at Hamburg Airport taken from Airliners.net courtesy of M. Maibrink, Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile, March 1952 Air France SNCASE Languedoc crash, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Airlines_Flight_981&oldid=1002766654, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by design or manufacturing errors, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by in-flight structural failure, Airliner accidents and incidents involving in-flight depressurization, Accidents and incidents involving the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, Aviation accidents and incidents caused by loss of control, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2008, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from September 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from February 2016, Articles needing additional references from July 2014, Articles needing additional references from July 2020, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Cargo door failure due to aircraft design flaw leading to, This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 23:36. Many of the victims names were spelled incorrectly and some didnt. This greatly contrasted with Flight 981, where all of the underfloor cables were severed in the decompression and the pilots completely lost control of the plane. In previous service, notably an incident that occurred on American Airlines Flight 96 in 1972, it had been noticed that it was possible to close the handle on DC-10 cargo doors despite the latches being in the wrong position. These changes included requiring vents be cut into the cabin floor to allow pressures to equalize in the event of a blown-out door, thus preventing a catastrophic collapse of the aircraft's cabin floor and other structures that could damage the control cables for the engine, rudder, and elevators. Ulykken var på daværende tidspunkt den flyulykke med det største antal omkomne nogensinde. Just after passing overthe Meaux. Turkish Airlines (THY) Flight 981. In the following investigation, it was found that a similar set of conditions, which had caused the failure of an aircraft floor following explosive decompression of the cargo hold, had occurred in ground testing in 1970 before the DC-10 series entered commercial service. On March 3, 1974, the airplane crashed into the Ermenonville Forest, shortly after it had left Paris. The aircraft crashed shortly after takeoff from Orly Airport in Paris, France. If the vent was not plugged, the fuselage would not retain pressure, eliminating any pneumatic force on the hatch. On 3 March 1974, a Turkish Airlines flight crashed in the forest and in the commune of Fontaine-Chaalis. Turkish Airlines Flight 981 was a scheduled flight from Istanbul Yesilköy Airport to London Heathrow Airport, with an intermediate stop at Orly Airport in Paris. The loss of control of these key components resulted in the pilots losing control of the aircraft entirely. JAC-20954-22A. The aircraft, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10, was carrying just 167 passengers and 13 crew members in its first leg. Browse 20 turkish airlines flight 981 stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. L'accident provoque la mort des 346 occupants de l'appareil, ce qui en fait à l'époque l'accident d'avion le plus meurtrier de l'histoire. If the latches were not properly closed, the pins would strike the torque tube flanges and the handle would remain open, visually indicating a problem. To ensure the latches were properly positioned, a handle on the outside of the door pressed small metal pins into the latches; if the latches were in the improper location the pins would not align and the handle would not close. and pushed the throttles forward in order to level off. Of the 346 passengers and crew on board, only 40 bodies were visually identifiable, with rescue teams recovering some 20,000 body fragments in all. Ce défaut de conception n'est pas corrigé à la suite de cet incident et en mars 1974 , le DC-10 opérant le vol 981 de la Turkish Airlines entre Istanbul et Londres via Paris s'écrase au sol à Ermenonville à la suite d'un incident similaire tuant les 346 personnes à bord. As the plane's speed increased, the additional lift raised the nose again. Il a été commandé à l'origine par All Nippon Airways qui a ensuite annulé le contrat. The crash was also known as the Ermenonville air disaster. L'accident est dû à l'ouverture d'une porte de soute en plein vol, causée par un défaut de conception dans le système de verrouillage. The flight's second leg, from Paris to London Heathrow Airport, was normally underbooked, but due to strike action by British European Airways employees, many London-bound travellers who had been stranded at Orly were booked onto Flight 981. Accident de l'avion de John F. Kennedy Jr. Just after the aircraft passed over the town of Meaux, the rear left cargo door blew off and the sudden difference in air pressure between the cargo area and the pressurized passenger cabin above it, which amounted to 2 pounds per square inch or 14 kilopascals, caused a section of the cabin floor above the open hatch to separate and be forcibly ejected through the open hatch, along with six occupied passenger seats attached to that floor section. Today, it is still the fourth-deadliest air catastrophe in the world. [9]:6 At the point of impact, the aircraft was traveling at a speed of approximately 430 knots (490 mph; 800 km/h) at a slight left turn, fast enough to disintegrate the plane into thousands of pieces. This information, and the 1972 “Applegate Memo”, came to light in the material supplied to the litigants after the 1974 crash. Turkish airlines flight 981 was a scheduled flight from istanbul yesilkoy airport to london heathrow airport with an intermediate stop at orly airport in paris. L'appareil s'est écrasé quelques minutes après avoir décollé de l'aéroport de Paris-Orly, où il venait d'effectuer une escale. The aircraft was carrying just 167 passengers and 11 crew members in its first leg. If the hatch were to fail for any reason, there was a high probability the plane would be lost. McDonnell-Douglas and Turkish Airlines settled out of court. Finally, the latching had been performed by a baggage handler who did not speak Turkish or English, the only languages provided on a warning notice about the cargo door's design flaws and the methods of compensating for them. L'accident a fait l'objet d'un épisode dans la série télé Air Crash nommé « Enquête sur le DC-10 » (saison 5 - épisode 2). Subsequent investigative tests proved the door yielded to approximately 15 psi (100 kPa) of pressure, in contrast to the 300 psi (2,100 kPa) that it had been designed to withstand.[13]. Sea of sand Ermenonville Paris Dedicated in memory of the victims and their families affected by the crash of Turkish Airlines, flight 981 in 1974. On 3 March 1974, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operating the flight crashed into the Ermenonville Forest, outside Paris, killing all 346 people on board. Flight 981 had flown from Istanbul that morning, landing at Paris's Orly International Airport just after 11:00 am local time. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Turkish Airlines Flight 981 de la plus haute qualité. [9]:7–9 Flight attendant nationalities included four from the UK, three from France, and one from Turkey. Identifying all those who died in the Ermenonville crash was an enormous task because of the general confusion at Orly Airport and the last-minute rush for seats just before flight 981’s departure. Trouvez les Turkish Airlines Flight 981 images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. Fortunately, even though the pilots' ability to control Flight 96 was compromised by some severed underfloor cables in the damaged section of the plane, they were able to land in Detroit without further injuries – though Applegate warned that a more severe outcome was likely when (not if) a similar incident happened on another DC-10. Additionally, the handle moved a metal plug into a vent cut in the outer hatch panel. Accident du DC-6 des Nations unies à Ndola, Accident du Learjet 35 dans le Dakota du sud, Accident d'un P-51D à la course aérienne de Reno en 2011, Vol Northwest Airlines 1482/Vol Northwest Airlines 299, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vol_Turkish_Airlines_981&oldid=178670408, Accident ou incident aérien de la Turkish Airlines, Accident ou incident aérien impliquant un McDonnell Douglas DC-10, Page avec coordonnées similaires sur Wikidata, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Portail:Époque contemporaine/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Défaut de conception et décompression explosive.
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