Von Däniken believes that the biblical great flood was punishment after an extraterrestrial 'God' discovered that earthbound, fallen angels were mating with ape-like early humans. The model from the Greeks most remembered through the Middle Ages was the geocentric model, in which the spherical Earth was in the center of the cosmos or universe, with the Sun, Moon and planets each occupying its own concentric sphere. [citation needed], These ideas are categorically rejected by mainstream archeology. These texts compiled records of past observations to find repeating occurrences of ominous phenomena for each planet. A significant increase in the quality and frequency of Babylonian observations appeared during the reign of Nabonassar (747-733 BC). Will waft thee through the fields of air, Semitic languages scholar Michael S. Heiser says that many of Sitchin's translations of Sumerian and Mesopotamian words are not consistent with Mesopotamian cuneiform bilingual dictionaries, produced by ancient Akkadian scribes. This basic cosmological model prevailed, in various forms, until the Sixteenth century. Here are eight ancient beliefs and practices that have been confirmed by modern science. The late 9th century Persian astronomer al-Farghani wrote extensively on the motion of celestial bodies. Some ancient astronaut proponents also believe that travelers from outer space, referred to as "astronauts" (or "spacemen") built many of the structures on Earth (such as Egyptian pyramids and the Moai stone heads of Easter Island) or aided humans in building them. A number of important Maya structures are believed to have been oriented toward the extreme risings and settings of Venus. According to his view, humans considered the technology of the aliens to be supernatural and the aliens themselves to be gods. He quotes various lines of evidence, including advanced astronomical knowledge inherited by the tribe, descriptions, and comparative belief systems with ancient civilizations such as ancient Egypt and Sumer. Bonatti was one of the consultants of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. [39][40][41], Various new religious movements including some branches of theosophy, Scientology, Raëlism, and Heaven's Gate believe in ancient and present-day contact with extraterrestrial intelligence. By the 5th century B.C., it was widely accepted that the Earth is a sphere. All rights reserved. Solar term was completed in Warring States Period. Calendars of the world have usually been set by the Sun and Moon (measuring the day, month and year), and were of importance to agricultural societies, in which the harvest depended on planting at the correct time of year. Some ancient astronaut proponents propose that this was done to emulate extraterrestrial visitors, whom they saw as gods. This is a critical point, as there is a widespread misconception that ancient peoples thought the Earth was flat. The ancient astronomers used astronomy to track time and cycles, for agricultural purposes, as well as … Houses at Banpo ca. Galileo argued that these observations supported the Copernican system and were, to some extent, incompatible with the favored model of the Earth at the center of the universe. Proponents draw an analogy to occurrences in modern time when isolated cultures are exposed to Western technology, such as when, in the early 20th century, "cargo cults" were discovered in the South Pacific: cultures who believed various Western ships and their cargo to be sent from the gods as fulfillment of prophecies concerning their return. His De revolutionibus provided a full mathematical discussion of his system, using the geometrical techniques that had been traditional in astronomy since before the time of Ptolemy. According to astrophysicist Carl Sagan, "In the long litany of 'ancient astronaut' pop archaeology, the cases of apparent interest have perfectly reasonable alternative explanations, or have been misreported, or are simple prevarications, hoaxes and distortions". The renaissance came to astronomy with the work of Nicolaus Copernicus, who proposed a heliocentric system, in which the planets revolved around the Sun and not the Earth. Eratosthenes, using the angles of shadows created at widely-separated regions, estimated the circumference of the Earth with great accuracy. and its sequels. [74], A number of ancient cultures, such as the ancient Egyptians and some Native Americans, artificially lengthened the skulls of their children. [75][76] Among the ancient rulers depicted with elongated skulls are pharaoh Akhenaten and Nefertiti. Hipparchus made a number of other contributions, including the first measurement of precession and the compilation of the first star catalog in which he proposed our modern system of apparent magnitudes. ", von Däniken suggests that Ezekiel had seen a spaceship or spaceships; this hypothesis had been put forward by Morris Jessup in 1956[56] and by Arthur W. Orton in 1961. A Popular Discourse on Our Religious Past", "The Men Behind the Myths: Erich von Däniken", "Traces of the Gods: Ancient Astronauts as a Vision of Our Future", "Pseudoarchaeology and the Racism Behind Ancient Aliens", "Origin of the Species, From an Alien View", "Enuma Elish – The Babylonian Epic of Creation – Full Text", "AncientDimensions Mysteries: De-Coded: The Ark Of The Covenant", "Strange Artifacts, Ancient Flying Machines", "NOVA | Transcripts | Secrets of Lost Empires | Stonehenge", "NOVA Online | Mysteries of the Nile | August 27, 1999: The Third Attempt", The Space Gods Revealed: A Close Look at the Theories of Erich von Däniken, "Who Were the Ancient Engineers of Egypt? His work was translated into Latin in the 12th century. ", Tulli Papyrus (possibly 15th century B.C. The study of astronomy by the ancient Greeks was not limited to Greece itself but was further developed in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, in the Hellenistic states and in particular in Alexandria. And only last year, Wasfi Alshdaifat filed another patent for a space compression and time dilation machine that could be used for time travel. The Babylonian GU text arranges stars in ‘strings’ that lie along declination circles and thus measure right-ascensions or time-intervals, and also employs the stars of the zenith, which are also separated by given right-ascensional differences. A common position is that deities from most, if not all, religions are extraterrestrial in origin, and that advanced technologies brought to Earth by ancient astronauts were interpreted as evidence of divine status by early humans. He gives the radius of the planetary orbits in terms of the radius of the Earth/Sun orbit as essentially their periods of rotation around the Sun. The Nephilim were thus half-human-half-extraterrestrial hybrids. Cave paintings and locations such as Wondinja and are discussed in the book UFO: the continuing enigma, Reader's Digest Association, 1991, Christopher Penczak, Ascension Magick: Ritual, Myth & Healing for the New Aeon, 2007, p. 226, History Channel "Mega Movers: Ancient Mystery Moves", Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse, The Cult of Alien Gods: H. P. Lovecraft and Extraterrestrial Pop Culture, Genesis of the Grail Kings: The Explosive Story of Genetic Cloning, List of topics characterized as pseudoscience, Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, "Did Ancient Astronauts Bring Civilization? His work draws heavily on the studies of cultural anthropologists Marcel Griaule and Germaine Dieterlen. From the International Space Station, 250 miles up, you can see the Great Wall and many other man-made structures. It is a well known fact that the N/S axis of the Khufu (Cheops) is only 03' 06" to the west of true north, a fact which confirms the levels of skill/accuracy attained by the ancient Egyptian It has been noted that ( Through accident or design ), the Great pyramid of Giza is a particularly accurate scale model (1: 43,200 ), of the Earth's dimensions. In their never-ending search for the best way to live, Greek philosophers argued over the relative benefits of hedonic and eudaimonic happiness. These are sometimes referred to as "out-of-place artifacts"; and include artwork and legends which are interpreted in a modern sense as depicting extraterrestrial contact or technologies. In this wise they came, in dark clouds. Von Däniken maintains that these artifacts were constructed either directly by extraterrestrial visitors or by humans who learned the necessary knowledge from said visitors. The name "planet" comes from the Greek term πλανήτης (planētēs), meaning "wanderer", as ancient astronomers noted how certain lights moved across the sky in relation to the other stars. that the Grey aliens, as described by many alien abductees, have similarly shaped heads. He further states that the reconstruction will be greatly aided if 1) the account is committed to written record soon after the event; 2) a major change is effected in the contacted society; and 3) no attempt is made by the contacting civilization to disguise its exogenous nature. Ancient Origins articles related to Science & Space in the sections of history, archaeology, human origins, unexplained, artifacts, ancient places and myths and legends. In the late 10th century, a huge observatory was built near Tehran, Iran, by the astronomer al-Khujandi who observed a series of meridian transits of the Sun, which allowed him to calculate the obliquity of the ecliptic, also known as the tilt of the Earth’s axis relative to the Sun. ], Some ancient astronaut proponents argue that this story is a historical account of extraterrestrials visiting Earth, called Watchers because their mission was to observe humanity. He also made an accurate approximation of the Earth’s circumference and diameter, and also discovered how the lunar eclipse and solar eclipse happen. Erich von Däniken was a leading proponent of this hypothesis in the late 1960s and early 1970s, gaining a large audience through the 1968 publication of his best-selling book Chariots of the Gods? " [The Inca] didn't see eclipses as being anything at all good," says David Dearborn, a researcher at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory … And thou shalt light unwearied down, From Book 6, Canto CXXIV: The Departure:[46], The wondrous car from earth arose. According to archaeologist Kenneth Feder, Von Däniken's extraterrestrial interpretation is not supported by any evidence. Helping others can make you healthier. [6] Since ancient astronauts are unnecessary, Occam's razor should be applied and the hypothesis rejected according to the scientific consensus. [55][original research? In the third century BC, astronomers began to use “goal-year texts” to predict the motions of the planets. [16], Proponents argue that the evidence for ancient astronauts comes from documentary gaps in historical and archaeological records, and they also maintain that absent or incomplete explanations of historical or archaeological data point to the existence of ancient astronauts. Ptolemy, Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus (fl. Another interpretation is that the Nephilim are the children of the "sons of God" and "daughters of humans", although scholars are uncertain. Article and images from wikipedia.org. Astrological divination was also an important part of astronomy. Many of those stories involved gods, demons, dragons and … The first evidence of recognition that astronomical phenomena are periodic and of the application of mathematics to their prediction is Babylonian. They point to similar etchings elsewhere as evidence that extraterrestrials visited many different ancient civilizations. The sidereal astronomy is based upon the stars and the sidereal period is the time that it takes the object to make one full orbit around the Sun, relative to the stars. And decked with swans and silver wings. [citation needed], Proposed evidence for ancient astronauts includes the existence of ancient monuments and megalithic ruins such as the Giza pyramids of Egypt, Machu Picchu in Peru, or Baalbek in Lebanon, the Moai of Easter Island and Stonehenge of England. They related these objects (and their movements) to phenomena such as rain, drought, seasons, and tides. [24], In his 1979 book Broca's Brain, Sagan suggested that he and Shklovskii might have inspired the wave of 1970s ancient astronaut books, expressing disapproval of "von Däniken and other uncritical writers" who seemingly built on these ideas not as guarded speculations but as "valid evidence of extraterrestrial contact. Most astronomic treatises of classical antiquity (in Greek) were unavailable, leaving only simplified summaries and compilations. A different approach to celestial phenomena was taken by natural philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. Critics emerged throughout the 1970s, discrediting Von Daniken's claims. The knowledge of Chinese astronomy was introduced into East Asia. One such example is von Däniken's interpretation of the sarcophagus lid recovered from the tomb of the Classic-era Maya ruler of Palenque, Pacal the Great. Some mainstream archeologists have participated in experiments to move large megaliths. [7], Various terms are used to reference claims about ancient astronauts, such as ancient aliens,[8] ancient ufonauts,[9] ancient space pilots,[10] paleocontact,[11] astronaut- or alien gods,[12][13] or paleo- or Bible-SETI (search for extraterrestrial intelligence). Sagan also reiterated his earlier conclusion that extraterrestrial visits to Earth were possible but unproven, and improbable.[26]. By the early 1980s little remaining support could be found.[19]. [70] These artifacts have been interpreted by mainstream archaeologists, however, as stylized representations of birds and insects. The Greek astronomer Ptolemy later used Nabonassar’s reign to fix the beginning of an era, since he felt that the earliest usable observations began at this time. However, he now finds fault with Sitchin's hypothesis after deeper analysis, stating that: "I am now firmly of the opinion that these gods personified the falling sky; in other words, the descent of the gods was a poetic rendition of the cataclysm myth which stood at the heart of ancient Near Eastern religions. In Hindu mythology, the gods and their avatars travel from place to place in flying vehicles called Vimana. In ancient Greece, astronomer and mathematician Claudius Ptolemy (A.D. 90–168) set up a model of the solar system in which the sun, stars, and other planets revolved around Earth. Our names for the planets are the Roman names for these deities. Ancient Aliens is a television series that features proponents of the ancient astronaut hypothesis, such as Giorgio A. Tsoukalos, David Childress, Erich von Däniken, Steven M. Greer, and Nick Pope. Seeing that humans survived and all they had built was destroyed, the Anunnaki left Earth after giving humans the opportunity and means to govern themselves. According to Sagan, this proved how "under certain circumstances, a brief contact with an alien civilization will be recorded in a re-constructible manner. They believed that the will and actions of the gods could be read in the stars, moon, and planets, so they dedicated time to doing so, and many of their most … "[37], Robert K. G. Temple's 1976 book, The Sirius Mystery, argues that the Dogon people of northwestern Mali preserved an account of extraterrestrial visitation from around 5,000 years ago. [citation needed] The idea was proposed in earnest by Harold T. Wilkins in 1954; it received some consideration as a serious hypothesis during the 1960s mainly due to Erich von Däniken. Classical sources frequently use the term Chaldeans for the astronomers of Mesopotamia, who were, in reality, priest-scribes specializing in astrology and other forms of divination. [50][original research? Proponents of the ancient astronaut hypothesis often maintain that humans are either descendants or creations of extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) who landed on Earth thousands of years ago. Tablets dating back to the Old Babylonian period document the application of mathematics to the variation in the length of daylight over a solar year. The original mechanism is displayed in the Bronze collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Athens, accompanied by a replica. The "mysteries" cited as evidence for the hypothesis can be explained without having to invoke ancient astronauts; proponents look for mysteries where none exist. In Persia, Omar Khayyam compiled many tables and performed a reformation of the calendar that was more accurate than the Julian and came close to the Gregorian. After formation of Indo-Greek kingdoms, Indian astronomy was influenced by Hellenistic astronomy (adopting the zodiacal signs). They landed on the mountains of Conmaicne Rein in Connacht and they brought a darkness over the sun for three days and three nights". Astronomy in China has a long history. … The modern practice of dividing a circle into 360 degrees, of 60 minutes each, began with the Sumerians. The Ancient Greek philosophers refined astronomy, dragging it from being an observational science, with an element of prediction, into a full-blown theoretical science. Other important astronomers from India include Madhava, Nilakantha Somayaji and Jyeshtadeva, who were members of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics from the 14th century to the 16th century. The last stages in the development of Babylonian astronomy took place during the time of the Seleucid Empire (323-60 BC). [49] The King James Version translates "Nephilim" as "giants" (or Gibborim). The device became famous for its use of a differential gear, previously believed to have been invented in the 16th century, and the miniaturization and complexity of its parts, comparable to a clock made in the 18th century. ", "Ancient Astronaut Narrations. suggesting that they were "space vehicles". 9 The World Soul This idea comes up in several religious theories, especially in the ancient world. Well-known proponents in the latter half of the 20th century who have written numerous books or appear regularly in mass media include Erich von Däniken, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Zecharia Sitchin, Robert K. G. Temple, Giorgio A. Tsoukalos and David Hatcher Childress. It is known that the Copernican heliocentric model in Nicolaus Copernicus’ De revolutionibus was adapted from the geocentric model of Ibn al-Shatir and the Maragha school (including the Tusi-couple) in a heliocentric context, and that his arguments for the Earth’s rotation were similar to those of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Ali al-Qushji. According to von Däniken, certain artifacts require a more sophisticated technological ability in their construction than that which was available to the ancient cultures who constructed them. Detailed records of astronomical observations were kept from about the 6th century BCE, until the introduction of Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century. From the International Space Station, 250 miles up, you can see the wall and many other man-made structures. Erich von Däniken posited that the descendants of extraterrestrials had children with hominids, and this was referred to in the Bible as the "Original sin." [71] Supporters say that these stone structures could not have been built with the technical abilities and tools of the people of the time and further argue that many could not be duplicated even today. These experiments have succeeded in moving megaliths up to at least 40 tons,[72][73] and part have speculated that with a larger workforce larger megaliths could be towed with the use of known ancient technology. Why else would they show the celestial boat being held aloft by the anti-gravity technology of the dung betel? are not educated in viewing artifacts from ancient civilizations, their interpretations are highly subject to von Däniken's opinions of the artifacts. [38], His conclusions have been criticized by scientists, who point out discrepancies within Temple's account, and suggested that the Dogon may have received some of their astronomical information recently, probably from European sources, and may have misrepresented Dogon ethnography. Psychologists have found that UFO religions have similarities which suggest that members of these groups consciously or subliminally associate enchantment with the memes of science fiction. As time has gone by, the legends have been greatly refined, but they still exist. The Arabic world under Islam had become highly cultured, and many important works of knowledge from ancient Greece were translated into Arabic, used and stored in libraries throughout the area. The Sumerians only practiced a basic form of astronomy, but they had an important influence on the sophisticated astronomy of the Babylonians. God then ordered the Watchers to be imprisoned in the ground, and created the Great Flood (or the numerous Deluge myths) to rid Earth of the Nephilim and of the humans given knowledge by the Watchers. ], The ancient Sumerian myth of Enûma Eliš, inscribed on cuneiform tablets and part of the Library of Ashurbanipal, says humankind was created to serve gods called the "Annunaki". In the 13th century the most famous astronomers were Johannes de Sacrobosco and Guido Bonatti from Forli, in Italy. Von Däniken's hypotheses became popularized in the U.S. after the NBC-TV documentary In Search of Ancient Astronauts hosted by Rod Serling, and the film Chariots of the Gods.
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